Assuntos
Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/complicações , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/complicações , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Programas de Imunização , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/imunologia , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaAssuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Endoscopia por Cápsula , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Doença de Whipple/diagnóstico , Seguimentos , Humanos , Linfangiectasia Intestinal/diagnóstico , Linfangiectasia Intestinal/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Doença de Whipple/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The small bowel is anatomically difficult to examine; disease conditions are rarely located in it, but can be serious. Neither conventional radiography nor push enteroscopy has sufficient sensitivity and specificity to detect distinct lesions. Wireless capsule endoscopy can theoretically allow imaging of the entire small bowel, with only minimal discomfort for the patient. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between November 2001 and May 2003, 191 patients received 195 capsules. Data were collected retrospectively from consecutive patients in three centers. The indications for capsule endoscopy were obscure or occult bleeding, suspected Crohn's disease, or other reasons in 151, 25, and 15 patients, respectively. The clinical outcome after 6 months was evaluated on the basis of interviews with patients or relatives. RESULTS: Visualization of the entire small bowel was adequate in 78.4 % of the examinations. The colon was not reached in 16.9 % of cases, and there were minor technical problems in 4.6 %. Relevant pathological findings were identified in 56.2 % of 151 patients with obscure bleeding or iron-deficiency anemia (64 % of whom received blood transfusions). The most common findings were angiodysplasia in 39.7 % of cases and ulcers of the small bowel in 7.3 %. In addition, individual cases of tumors and parasitic worms were detected. Seven of the 25 patients with suspected Crohn's disease (28 %) had the disease confirmed. Three of five patients with polyposis syndrome of the colon were found to have polyps in the small bowel. CONCLUSIONS: Wireless capsule endoscopy can be recommended as part of the routine work-up in patients with obscure bleeding or iron-deficiency anemia. In patients with Crohn's disease, the method may be helpful in establishing or ruling out the diagnosis.
Assuntos
Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Enteropatias/diagnóstico , Sangue Oculto , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The integrative system of phage 16-3 of Rhizobium meliloti 41 was shown to function in several bacterial species belonging to the Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Azorhizobium, and Agrobacterium genera. It might also function in many other bacterial species provided that both the target site (attB) and the required host factor(s) are present. Here we report on the construction of a new integrative vector that can be utilized in gene regulation studies. It provides an opportunity to create a single-copy set-up for characterizing DNA-protein interactions in vivo, in a wide range of bacteria. To demonstrate the usefulness of the vector, transcription repression by binding of the C repressor protein of phage 16-3 to wild type operators was studied. The assay system provided highly reproducible quantitative data on repression.
Assuntos
Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Genes Reporter/genética , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Plasmídeos/genética , Sinorhizobium meliloti/genética , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/genética , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/metabolismo , Regiões Operadoras Genéticas/genética , Regiões Operadoras Genéticas/fisiologia , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/fisiologia , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Rhizobium/genética , Sinorhizobium meliloti/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais Reguladoras e Acessórias , beta-Galactosidase/análise , beta-Galactosidase/genéticaAssuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/efeitos adversos , Síndrome de Abstinência Neonatal , Tramadol/efeitos adversos , Tremor/induzido quimicamente , Analgésicos Opioides/metabolismo , Feminino , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Troca Materno-Fetal , Gravidez , Tramadol/metabolismo , Tremor/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The refractive index of NH(4)Cl-H(2)O solutions has been measured over a wavelength range from 496.5 to 690 nm. The NH(4)Cl concentration was varied from 15 to 30 wt. % over a temperature range from 10 to 35 °C. We obtained mathematical equations relating the refractive index to wavelength, temperature, and concentration using the least-squares method. A knowledge of these properties is important for analyzing and modeling the dendritic growth of this system.